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Name:
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Nicole Atterberry
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Student Number:
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X00105576
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GIMP:
Chapter 2: Improving Digital Photos
PART
1: READ Chapter 2 in the GIMP book, then:
- Answer
all questions below, briefly but completely.
- Change
the color of the answer to BLUE.
- Copy this information and paste
in a new post in your DIGITAL GRAPHICS blog.
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1.
What happens to an image when you
SCALE it? Does the canvas size change when you SCALE an image? Scaling an image makes it smaller, however it does not change
the canvas size, only the size of the work area without changing the
contents.
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2.
Why should you scale images you take
on a digital camera before sending
them in email or posting them on the web? This
makes them smaller in or “megabytes” which will make them easier to attach
and quicker to download.
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3.
Why is it important to make sure the
width and height of an image you are going to scale are linked together? How do you do this in GIMP? It is important so that aspect
ratio-width to height- are unchanged preventing the contents of your photo
from getting taller and skinnier or shorter and fatter. The Scale Image
feature in GIMP will automatically link the two as indicated in the dialog
box with the “chain” symbol.
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4. What is the keyboard shortcut to UNDO? You can press CTRL-Z ,
for undo.
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5.
What does the SCALE TOOL do? It allows you to change the size of an image.
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6.
What is the difference between the
IMAGEàSCALE from the menu and the SCALE TOOL? It is trickier to use because it will not keep the aspect
ratio, and will only change the current layer and not the whole image.
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7.
Describe these JPG quality settings:
·
Optimize: By default it will give you an additional reduction in file
size without any further reduction in image quality.
·
Progressive: When uploading certain images to the web, it makes the image load
in different way so when viewing the image it provides a poor-quality version
that gets improves instead of seeing the image load line by line by line
starting from the top.
·
Save EXIF data: It’s how JPEG has it way of holding information called ‘metadata’
about the file, in which most digital cameras will add such information; date
of photo, resolution, camera’s settings and flash.
·
Comment: A place
to put any text you might want to add to an image; name, copyright notice,
etc.
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8.
Why would you decrease the quality
setting of a JPG image? To keep the quality of
the image visible.
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9.
Compare the size of a 95% quality
setting to a 100% setting of a JPG image: A
image at 100% will produce a file two or three times larger than a setting of
95% and the quality will not be better.
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10.
If you save a JPG file at 100%, do
you preserve ALL the data in the image? What formats should you use if you
want to preserve all the data? When you store an image at 100%, you
will continue to lose data each time you save. You should save in formats
such as PNG or TIFF to avoid data
loss.
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11.
Describe what it means when you
INDEX a file such as a GIF or PNG file. This
feature allows you to make the files much smaller by reducing the numbers of
colors they use.
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12.
What is RGB color mode? RGB images use 3 color or channels to produce color on screen vs palette.
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13.
What is dithering? The process of approximating the combining of your chosen
colors combinations in a palette, by combining pixels of several different
colors, also allowing you to create different effects or smaller file size
with a cleaner appearance for images with sharp lines and only a few colors.
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14.
What is grayscale mode? Scans black and white documents or photographs, as well as
converts color images to black and white.
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15.
What does interlacing a file do? Like JPEG’s option, it
makes images load in a different way, so that viewing them on the web allows
you to see more of the image before it has completely downloaded.
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16.
What is cropping? It allows you to take out of an image what you don’t want to
see, and or zoom in on what you do want to see.
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Briefly describe these graphic file
types:
NOTE: It is important to learn
these types of files to be a proficient graphic artist, so pay attention when you describe these
file types.
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1.
JPEG: Joint Photographic
Experts Group: Great for compressing and sharing full- color photos, however
you lose some quality each time you edit and save file.
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2.
GIF: Graphics
Interchange Format: is an indexed format, meaning it uses a fixed list of
colors instead of encoding every color separately which is efficient for
images with a small numbers of colors, and also allows animation and
transparency.
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3.
PNG: Portable
Network Graphics: Can be used for full-color images like JPEG, but will be
larger will not lose quality after making modifications. It will support
transparency but not animation.
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4.
XCF: GIMP’s
own format; great for saving large files with images containing multiple
layers but may only be read or viewed in GIMP.
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5.
TIFF: Tagged
Image File Format: another full-color, non-lossy format that is fine for
keeping originals of images, but not display well on web.
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6.
Raw: Not a
format but a term given to various proprietary formats used by camera manufacturers,
in which GIMP will mostly support
requiring an external plug-in.
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7.
BMP: It is a
Microsoft Windows Bitmap format, and really should only be used if you are
writing windows software, as they are large files if offer no advantage over
PNG or TIFF.
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8.
PSD: It is
Adobe’s proprietary Photoshop format, and saves layers and other information,
analogous to XCF in GIMP.
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9.
ICO: It’s a
Microsoft Windows Icon format, useful for windows icons, and creating a
favicon for your website.
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10.
PDF: Unlike
the others formats that are raster (pixel) graphics, it is a vector graphics format
which is a collection of points, lines and curves.
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PART 2: GIMP PROJECT:
Be sure to save these images in your
GIMP folder before inserting them in this document.
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2.
Look through the menus on the left
to see the supplemental information provided for you about the book.
3.
Click on the PHOTOS FROM THE BOOK
link, and scroll down to see the images for Chapter 2.
4.
Download and save these images: Red
Rock Canyon (the 4th image), Canyonlands (5th
image), American kestrel (the bird), Ethan
(the little boy).
5. With the Red Rock Canyon
image, apply the following color techniques as indicated in the textbook on
pages 38-50 (try dragging the
sliders in each dialog box to see how they change the image, then UNDO to
restore the image back to the original), then DESCRIBE what each does:
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·
Brightness-Contrast: It adjust the brightness levels letting you get a better
visual of the actual color and texture of contents in the image, and preview
the changes as you move the slider.
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·
Levels: It
adjust the tonal ranges, allowing you to make the darker and lighter areas
stand out while adjusting the two individually.
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·
Curves: It is
similar to the effects of levels except
it lets you chose certain sections of the photo to brighten/darken.
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Threshold: It adjusted the picture/image into a black and white image.
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Desaturation: It gives you three different options for selecting a grayscale
look to the image by removing all color.
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6.
When you have applied these
techniques to the Red Rock Canyon image,
apply THRESHOLD to the image, save it, then insert it here:
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7.
With the Canyonlands image, use Rotation to adjust the image as
indicated on pages 51-55. Save the rotated and insert here:
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8.
With the Canyonlands image, use Rotation to adjust the image as
indicated on pages 51-55. Save the rotated and insert here:
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9.
With the Kestral image, use the Sharpening techniques indicated on
pages 55-59. Save the sharpened image and insert here:
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10.
With the little boy, Ethan, image, correct the Red-Eye
as indicated on pages 61-66. Save the corrected image and insert here:
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